Can Fibroids Burst? Understanding the Risks, Symptoms, and What You Should Know

Uterine fibroids are super common, benign (noncancerous) growths that form in or on the uterus. They vary a lot in size some are tiny like peas, others can grow as big as melons. Depending on where they sit in the uterus and how large they get, they may cause no symptoms at all or lead to issues like heavy periods, pelvic pressure, or bloating.

Because fibroids are so widespread among women of reproductive age, it’s totally normal to wonder what happens when they grow, change, or cause sudden pain. One question that makes a lot of people nervous is: Can fibroids burst?

The simple answer: Yes, a fibroid can rupture but it's very rare. Most fibroids will never burst, even if they’re big or uncomfortable. Still, understanding how rupture happens and what symptoms to look out for is important for your health and peace of mind.

Why Fibroids Might Burst? (Though It’s Uncommon)

Fibroids don’t just randomly explode. Rupture usually happens only when something disrupts the fibroid’s internal structure or blood supply. Here are the main reasons this can happen:

1. Outgrowing their blood supply

Fibroids that grow too large sometimes don’t get enough blood flow. When the tissue becomes starved of oxygen, the fibroid can start to break down (degenerate), and in very rare cases, the outer layer may rupture.

2. Sudden pressure or internal stress

Changes inside the abdomen especially increased pressure can put strain on a fibroid. Pregnancy is one example where extra blood flow and pressure may trigger degeneration and, rarely, rupture.

3. Trauma or injury

A hard impact to the lower abdomen, like during a car accident or fall, might damage a fibroid enough to cause bleeding or rupture. Again, this is extremely uncommon.

4. Twisted fibroids (pedunculated fibroids)

Some fibroids grow attached by a thin stalk. If this stalk twists, the blood supply cuts off, potentially causing severe degeneration, intense pain, and rarely, rupture.

5. Degeneration during pregnancy

Hormonal changes and shifting blood flow during pregnancy can make fibroids more likely to degenerate. While this usually doesn’t lead to rupture, the pain can be intense and alarming.

What It Feels Like When a Fibroid Bursts?

A ruptured fibroid isn’t something subtle the symptoms are usually sudden and severe. Here’s what people typically experience:

• Sharp, sudden pelvic or abdominal pain that can feel much more intense than normal cramps
• Internal bleeding, which can cause dizziness, weakness, rapid heartbeat, or fainting
• Heavy vaginal bleeding, sometimes with clots
• Fever or signs of infection if the rupture becomes complicated
• Pelvic swelling or pressure if bleeding collects around the uterus

In the most serious cases, a ruptured fibroid can cause life-threatening internal bleeding. That’s why sudden, severe pain or abnormal bleeding should always be checked by a doctor immediately.

Rupture vs. Degeneration Most Cases Are NOT True Bursts

When people talk about fibroids “bursting,” they are often actually referring to fibroid degeneration. Degeneration is much more common and happens when a fibroid’s blood supply is disrupted.

Degeneration can cause: 

• Intense pain
• Low-grade fever
• Swelling or tenderness
• Temporary worsening of symptoms

Although degeneration can feel scary, especially during pregnancy, it’s usually not dangerous and does not involve rupture or heavy internal bleeding.

How Rare Is a True Fibroid Rupture?

Medical literature and case reports show that spontaneous fibroid rupture is extremely rare. Only a small number of documented cases describe fibroids bursting and causing significant internal bleeding. Most of these involved large fibroids, pregnancy-related changes, or pedunculated fibroids.

Because the risk is so small, specialists emphasize that most fibroids even annoying or symptomatic ones will never rupture. Still, being aware of warning signs is important.

What You Should Do If You Have Fibroids?

Even though rupture is unlikely, keeping an eye on your fibroids helps you stay ahead of complications. Here’s what’s recommended:

1. Get regular monitoring

Ultrasounds or pelvic exams can track fibroid size and growth.

2. Pay attention to symptoms

Seek urgent medical care if you ever experience:

• Sudden, intense pelvic pain
• Unexplained heavy bleeding
• Dizziness or fainting
• Signs of internal bleeding

3. Consider treatment if symptoms affect your life

Minimally invasive options like Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) can shrink fibroids, ease symptoms, and reduce risks linked with large or rapidly growing fibroids.

USA Fibroid Centers specializes in UFE and provides patient-friendly, non-surgical care for women across the country. They can help diagnose fibroids, explain your options, and guide you toward a treatment plan that fits your needs and lifestyle.

Final Thoughts

Fibroid rupture is possible, but it’s extremely rare. Most fibroids grow slowly, cause manageable symptoms, and never reach the point of bursting. Still, knowing what to watch for especially severe pain or unexpected bleeding can help you react quickly if something feels off.

If you’re dealing with fibroid symptoms or want a professional opinion, USA Fibroid Centers can help you get clear answers and minimally invasive care.